Glossary

The terms listed in this glossary are applicable to Red Lion Pump Specialist modules. This glossary is intended to be used as a resource for you while completing the Red Lion Pump Specialist certification.

Click on a letter to narrow your search.

A

  • Air Volume Control

    The action of putting something into operation.

  • Atmospheric Pressure

    A force exerted upon the earth’s surface by the weight of air extending to a height of 25 miles above the earth. At sea level, 14.7 pounds per square inch.

B

  • Basin (sewage)

    A container connected to a sink, toilet, washer, or dishwater that is used to collect refuse that comes from these applications. Once collected, the waste is pumped from the basin to a pipe or septic tank.

  • Black Water

    Also known as sewage or wastewater, consists of water containing solids up to 2" in diameter.

C

  • Cavitation

    The formation of air, steam, or vapor bubbles due to pressure falling too low, especially at the inlet of the pump, causing vibration and turbulence.

  • Centrifugal Force

    The force created by a spinning or rotating impeller, resulting in the movement of water outward from the center point. A pump uses an impeller to create centrifugal force.

  • Centrifugal Pump

    A pump that uses centrifugal force to move water and create pressure.

  • Check Valve

    An accessory used to prevent the back flow of liquid into the sump, tank, or well on the discharge side of the pump.

  • Control Box

    Installs above ground and contains electrical starting components for 3-wire submersible deep well pumps. To note, 2-wire submersible deep well pumps do not require a control box.

  • Convertible Jet Pump

    For deep wells where pumping water levels are as far as 90 feet below the pump. Also easily converted for shallow wells where pumping water levels are no more than 25 feet below the pump. Jet packages must be purchased separately.

  • Cut-in Pressure Setting

    The point at which the pressure switch turns the pump on.

D

  • Deep Well

    A well with a depth to water greater than 25 feet.

  • Deep Well Pump (Submersible)

    For use on wells where pump water levels are up to 400 feet below point of use. The pump is submerged underwater in the well.

  • Depth to Water

    The vertical measurement from pump level down to water level. The pump height above the water.

  • Discharge

    The opening by which water is removed by the pump.

  • Discharge Pressure

    The amount of force or pressure of the water discharged from the pump.

  • Drawdown

    The distance that the water level drops below the static water level when the well is pumped at its rated capacity.

  • Drive Pipe

    The pipe used to carry water down a pump jet.

  • Dual Voltage Motor

    The pump motor that can be operated on 115 or 230 volts.

E

  • Effluent

    Water containing solids up to 1/2” in diameter, generated from activities such as dishwashing, bathing, laundry, etc. Also known as gray water.

  • Effluent Pump

    A pump capable of handling 1/2” solids, designed for pumping effluent from a septic tank to a leach field. Used in many wastewater removal applications such as elevator pits, loading docks, construction sites, and emergency water removal.

F

  • Flow Rate or Capacity

    The volume of liquid produced by a pump at any given head or pressure expressed in gallons per minute (gpm) or gallons per hour (gph).

  • FNPT

    Female National Pipe Thread – a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on threaded pipes and fittings. (The female end is larger than the male end).

  • Foot valve

    Installs on the end of the pump suction pipe to prevent water from draining back to its source. Includes strainer to minimize suction of debris into the pump.

  • Freshwater

    Water that is not salty, especially when considered as a natural resource.

  • Friction Loss

    A loss in pressure caused by friction when liquid moves through a pipe.

G

  • GPH

    Gallons per hour.

  • GPM

    Gallons per minute.

  • Gray Water

    Also known as effluent. Water containing solids up to 1/2” in diameter generated from activities such as dishwashing, bathing, laundry, etc.

  • Ground Wire

    A wire that has an electrical connection to the earth.

H

  • Head

    A term used to define water pressure in vertical feet. The vertical distance from: The top of the well to the pressure tank. + the top of the well to the static water level + the drawdown (static water level to the pumping water level) + the vertical distance from the well to the house

  • HP

    Horsepower (power of motor).

I

  • Impeller

    The rotating part of the pump that imparts the centrifugal force to the liquid by throwing the water off its rim to raise the velocity of the liquid.

  • Injector and Ejector

    A device in which water is forced through a jet (nozzle) to cause a vacuum (suction), which draws in liquid, mixes with it, and then forces it forward through a venture tube and into the eye of the impeller.

  • Intake

    The opening by which water is sucked into the pump.

J

  • Jet Pump

    A centrifugal pump which requires a jet to help build additional water pressure.

M

  • MNPT

    Male National Pipe Thread – a U.S. standard for tapered threads used on threaded pipes and fittings. (The male end is smaller than the female end).

  • Multi-Stage Jet Pump

    For use on deep wells only with pumping water levels as far as 210 feet below the pump.

N

  • NPT

    National Pipe Thread or NPT are U.S. national technical standards for screw threads used on threaded pipes and pipe fitting.

P

  • Pressure

    A force usually expressed in pounds per square inch.

  • Pressure Gauge

    Indicates the pressure of the pump as controlled by the pressure switch (not required for actual pump operation).

  • Pressure Operation – 30/50

    Pressure switch turns pump on at 30 psi and off at 50 psi.

  • Pressure operation – 40/60

    Pressure switch turns pump on at 40 psi and off at 60 psi.

  • Pressure Switch

    The switch that automatically turns the pump on and off at specific pressures of 30/50 psi and 40/60 psi. IMPORTANT: always replace an old switch with a new switch with the same pressure settings.

  • Priming the Pump

    The initial filling of a jet or centrifugal pump with water so that air can be removed.

  • PSI

    Pounds per square inch. A volumetric pressure measurement.

  • Pump Capacity

    The amount of water a pump is capable of moving at a given pressure.

  • Pumping Water Level

    The distance below the ground where the water is found when the well is being pumped at its rated capacity. Static Water Level + Drawdown = Pumping Water Level.

R

  • Replenishment Rate

    The maximum rate of flow that a well is able to provide without being pumped dry.

  • Retrofit

    Adding a component or accessory to something that did not have it when manufactured.

  • Return Pipe

    Pipe used to return water, coming from the jet and venture, back to the pump.

S

  • Safety Relief Valve

    Required for all submersible pump and pressure boosting installations to prevent over-pressurization of water storage tank and system piping that could develop from pressure switch malfunction.

  • Saline Water

    Water that contains significant amounts or concentrations of dissolved salts.

  • Sand Point Well

    A shallow water well source obtained from no more than 25 feet below the ground.

  • Sediment

    Matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid.

  • Self-Priming Pump

    A pump that will clear its passages of air and start pumping. The pump can mix air and water to create a pumpable fluid until it is fully primed (ready to function properly).

  • Sewage

    Water containing solids up to 2” in diameter, also known as black water.

  • Sewage Basin

    A container connected to a sink, toilet, washer, or dishwasher that is used to collect refuse that comes from these appliances. Once collected, the waste is pumped from the basin to a pipe or septic tank.

  • Sewage Pump

    A pump capable of handing 2” solids, designed for pumping raw sewage to a septic tank, gravity sewer, or lift station. Also used in many wastewater removal applications requiring higher flows.

  • Shallow Well

    A well with a depth of water 25 feet or less.

  • Shallow Well Pump

    For uses in wells where pumping water levels are no more than 25 feet below the pump. Features a built-in jet.

  • Shut-Off Head

    The maximum in feet or pressure that a pump can produce, measured with the pump running against a closed discharge.

  • Sizing

    Properly matching product to application for best performance.

  • Standard Tank

    A pressure water storage tank where air comes in contact with water. Requires air volume control for proper operation.

  • Static Head

    The height in feet from the top of the liquid being pumped to the point of the fluid being discharged. (This may not be the highest point in the discharge piping).

  • Static Water Level

    The distance below ground where water is found when no pumping occurs.

  • Submersible Deep Well Pump

    For use on wells where pumping water levels are up to 400 feet below point of use. The pump is submerged underwater in the well.

  • Suction

    The part of the pumping system that puts the water in contact with the eye of the impeller.

  • Suction Lift

    The vertical height from the pumping water level to the suction part of the pump.

  • Sump Pump

    A pedestal (vertical) or submersible pump designed for use in the sump of a basement to remove wastewater from seepage due to a high water table or rain.

T

  • Tank

    Stores air and water under pressure to provide for automatic pump operation and a source of water when the pump is not running.

  • Tank Drawdown

    The amount of usable water available from a water storage tank between operating cycles of a pump.

  • Torque Arrester

    Used to prevent motor start up torque from thrusting the pump against the side of the well casing.

  • Total Dynamic Head

    The combination of static head + friction head (loss) + operational pressure (or system pressure) in head in feet (if applicable). This value is normally used to select the correct pump for an application.

U

  • Utility Pump

    A portable submersible or in-line pump used for multiple light to medium duty water transfer applications.

V

  • Venturi

    Refers to moving gases or fluids out of a region of space.

  • Volute

    The casing of the pump head that encloses the impeller and delivers liquid to the discharge pipe.

W

  • Water Storage Tank

    Stores air and water under pressure to provide for automatic pump operation and a source of water when the pump is not running.

  • Waterlogging

    The absorption of air into water stored in a water storage tank, greatly reducing the amount of usable water drawdown available from the tank.

  • Well

    A hole drilled in the ground to utilize an underground water source.

  • Well Capacity

    Also known as the well’s replenishment rate or well recovery rate—the rate at which the well refills with water, measured in gallons per minute (gpm).

  • Well Recovery Rate

    Also known as the well’s replenishment rate or well capacity—the rate at which the well refills with water, measured in gallons per minute (gpm).

  • Well Replenishment Rate

    Also known as the well’s recovery rate or well capacity—the rate at which the well refills with water, measured in gallons per minute (gpm).

  • Well Seal

    Closes the well casing at ground level, preventing polluted water, or waste, from entering the fresh water supply.